World Register of Marine Species — Selachii
The taxonomic backbone for the complete living shark directory: accepted names, authorities, orders, families and Aphia identifiers. Snapshot accessed August 15, 2026.
NOAA Fisheries — White Shark
Size, lifespan, biology and U.S. management background.
NOAA Ocean Service — Greenland Shark
Longevity estimate and radiocarbon-dating context.
Florida Museum — Bull Shark
Reported maximum size, maturity and lifespan synthesis.
Florida Museum — Tiger Shark
Typical and exceptional size ranges.
Florida Museum — Great Hammerhead
Reported size, weight and expected lifespan.
NOAA Fisheries — 12 Shark Facts
Whale shark size context.
Towner et al. — Ecology
Direct observations of killer whales hunting white sharks in Mossel Bay, South Africa.
Towner et al. — African Journal of Marine Science
Evidence connecting killer-whale presence with white-shark absence from former aggregation sites.
Nielsen et al. — Science
The eye-lens radiocarbon study behind Greenland shark longevity estimates.
Heupel & Simpfendorfer — PLOS ONE
Environmental conditions associated with juvenile bull-shark habitat use.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers — CSSC Dispersal Barriers
The engineered aquatic connection and fish barriers between the Mississippi basin and Lake Michigan.
Smithsonian Ocean — Sharks
Shark anatomy, gill ventilation, electroreception, evolution and ecological diversity.
NOAA Ocean Service — Do Sharks Hunt People?
Authoritative context on shark diets and interactions with people.
NOAA Fisheries — Sharpen Your Shark Facts
Accessible explanations of shark reproduction, dermal denticles and sensory biology.
Verification note
Species biology varies by population, sex, age and study method. TuffShark records the wording and limitations of its source instead of silently converting uncertain ranges into exact facts.